Definitions of +150 Scientific Instruments | Exam Preparation

In this article you are going to learn almost 150 most important Scientific Instruments and their definitions.

1. Hydrometer measures humidity.
2. Barometer measures atmospheric pressure.
3. Purity of milk is measured by lactometer.
4. Fathometer measures the depth of oceans.
5. Sextant is used for measuring altitude of Sun and other heavenly bodies.
6. Chronometer records accurate time on ships.
7. Algesimeter indicates the degree of sensitiveness of skin.
8. Altimeter measures altitudes.
9. Ammeter measures current.
10. Anemometer records velocity of wind.
11. Cyamometer measures blueness of sky or ocean.
12. Dasymeter measures density of gas.
13. Galvanometer measures small electric current.
14. Hydrometer measures relative density of liquids.
15. Hygrometer measures humidity in atmosphere.
16. • Periscope is used for viewing objects above eye level.
17. Cyclotron is used for electromagnetic acceleration of charged atoms
18. • Geiger counter is used for detecting and recording radioactivity. It was invented by Hans Geiger (1882-1945)
19. Pyrometer measures high temperatures.
20. Refrectometer measures refractive index of a substance.
21. Seismograph measures intensity of earthquake.
22. Telstar transmits wireless or T.V broadcast.
23. Viscometer measures viscosity of liquids.
24. Spiro graph records the movement of lungs.
25. Photometer measures rate of transpiration.
26. Scotograph is used for enbling blind to write.
27. Eratosthenes measures distance round the earth.
28. Kaldio-scopes have proved helpful in finding the amount of dampness in soil.
29. Mohr’s scale measures degree of hardness of minerals.
30. RBC and WBC is bloods are counted by Hemocytometer.
31. Manometer is the instrument of measuring gas pressure.
32. Spectrometer instrument for measuring the spectrum of light.
34. The variation in the blood flow can be heard with an instrument called _ stethoscope.
35. What is measured by an interferometer-Wavelength of light.
36. Hydrophone is used for measuring sound under water.
37. Magnometer is an instrument designed to compare the magnetic movement and field.
38. Potometer is used to measure the rate of respiration in animal and plants.
39. For measuring solar radiation we use pyrheliometer.
40. Actimometer measures direct heating power of the Sun.
41. Ammeter is use for measuring current strength.
42. Manometer is the instrument of measuring gas pressure.
43. Spectrometer instrument for measuring the spectrum of light.
44. The measurement of rainfall is made by an instrument known as rain gauge
45. What is measured with an ombrometer-Rainfall
46. The instrument used to measure very high temperature: Infrared pyrometers
47. Mechanical energy into electrical energy: Generator
48. Heat energy into mechanical energy: Heat engine or steam engine.
49. Electrical energy into mechanical energy: Electrical Motor
50. • Electrical energy into sound energy: Loudspeaker
51. Sound energy into electrical energy: Microphone
52. The device used to measure radioactivity: Geiger-Muller tube
53. • The device which converts the chemical energy into electrical energy: Battery
54. The device used to measure radioactivity. Geiger counter
55. Hygrometer is instrument used for measuring humidity of air.
56. Heliscope is used for viewing the sun.
57. What does a potometer measure- Water intake
58. Clinical thermometer usually measures in Fahrenheit.
59. Actimometer measures direct heating power of the Sun.
60. Ammeter is use for measuring current strength
61. Voltammeter is an electrolytic cell for conducting electrolytic dissociation of electrolyte.
62. What does a drosomoter measure: Dew
63. Relative density of an atmosphere is measured by hygrometer.
64. Spirograph is an apparatus used for recording the movement of the lungs.
65. The maximum limit of sound beyond which a person can become deaf is 129 lbs.
66. Charles K Rhodes developed an X-Ray emitting laser in 1990.
67. Son meter is an instrument used to study the behavior of vibrating string.
68. The instrument used for measuring the velocity of wind is known as anemometer.
69. Altimeter: an apparatus used in aircraft for measuring altitudes.
70. Ammeter: is used for to measure intensity of sound.
71. Audiometer: an instrument to measure intensity of sound.
72. Audiophone: is an instrument required for improving imperfect sense of hearing.
73. Barograph: for continuous recording of atmospheric pressure.
74. Barometer: is an apparatus used for measuring the atmospheric pressure.
75. Binoculars: is an instrument used for seeing distant objects, the rays of light are twice reflected by means of right-angled prisms.
76. Callipers: a compass with legs for measuring the inside or outside diameter of bodies.
77. Calorimeter: an instrument used for measuring quantities of heat.
78. Carburettor: is an apparatus for charging air with petrol vapours in an internal combustion engine.
79. Cardiogram: a medical instrument used for tracing the movements of the heart.
80. Cardiograph: is a medical instrument for tracing heart movements.
81. Chronometer: is an instrument kept on board the ships for measuring accurate time.
82. Commutator: split ring which forms the main part of a D.C. Dynamo.
83. Compass needle: for knowing approximately the North-South direction at a place.
84. Crescograph: is an instrument for use in recording growth of plants; invented by J.C. Bose.
85. Dynamo: The origin of electricity in a Dynamo is the transformation of mechanical energy into electrical energy. It depends on the principle of electro-magnetic induction whereby a current is produced on traversing a magnetic field.
86. Epidiascope: for projecting films as well as images of opaque articles on a screen.
87. Fathometer: is an instrument used for measuring depth of the ocean.
88. Lactometer: is an apparatus used for measuring the purity of milk.
89. Manometer: for determining the pressure of a gas.
90. Mariner’s Compass: is an apparatus which is used to guide the sailors. The needle always points north-south.
91. Micrometer: is an instrument used for converting sound i.e., fraction of the lowest division of a given scale.
92. Microphone: is an instrument used for converting sound waves into electrical vibrations.
93. Microscope: is an instrument which is used for magnifying minute objects by a lens system.
94. Microtome: is used for cutting an object into thin parts for microscopic inspection.
95. Odometer: is an instrument by virtue of which the distance covered by wheeled vehicles is recorded.
97. Phonograph: is an instrument used for reproducing sound.
98. Photometer: is an apparatus used to compare the illuminating power of two sources of light.
99. Potentiometer: is used for comparing the e.m.f.s, of cells, measurements of the thermal e.m.f.s, large potential differences and currents. It is also used for measuring low resistances.
100. Psychrometer: is an instrument for measurement of the humidity of the atmosphere.
101. Pyrometer: is an instrument for recording high temperatures from a great distance (i.e., for recording temperature of the sun etc.) by making use of the laws of radiation.
102. Radar: Radio, Angle, Detection And Range is used to detect the direction and range of an approaching aeroplane by means of radio microwaves.
103. Rain Gauge: is an apparatus for recording of rainfall at a particular place.
104. Radiometer: is an instrument for measuring the emission of radiant energy.
105. Refractometer: is an instrument to measure refractive indices.
106. Saccharimeter: is an instrument for determining the amount of sugar in a solution. It is used in breweries.
107. Seismometer or Seismograph: is an instrument used for recording earthquake shocks.
108. Sextant: is an instrument invented by John Hadley used for measuring the altitude of the sun and of other inaccessible heavenly bodies.
109. Speedometer: is an instrument which indicates speed at which a vehicle is moving.
110. Spherometer: is an instrument for measuring curvature of surfaces.
111. Sphygmomanometer: an instrument used for measuring arterial blood-pressure.
112. Sphygmophone: an instrument, with the help of which a pulse beat makes a sound.
113. Sphygmoscope: an instrument, by virtue of which, arterial pulsations become visible.
114. Stereoscope: It is a special type of binocular, through which a double photograph snapped from two different angles by a two-lensed camera is viewed in solid relief.
115. Stethoscope: is an instrument to hear and analyse movements of heart and lungs.
116. Stop watch: for recording small intervals of time in the laboratory, in races and other events.
117. Stroboscope: is an instrument for viewing objects moving rapidly with a periodic motion and to see them as if they were at rest.
118. Tachometer: is an instrument for determining speeds of aeroplanes and motor boats.
119. Teleprinter: an instrument which prints automatically messages sent from one place to another, on telegraph lines.
120. Telescope: is an apparatus used for observing distant objects.
121. Theodolite: is an instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles.
123. Thermocouple: an instrument based on thermo-electricity used for measuring temperatures.
124. Thermometer: is an apparatus used for measuring temperature.
125. Thermostat: It is an instrument used to regulate the temperature to a particular degree.
126. Viscometer: is an instrument to measure viscidity
127. Seismometer or Seismograph: is an instrument used for recording earthquake shocks.
128. Sextant: is an instrument invented by John Hadley used for measuring the altitude of the sun and of other inaccessible heavenly bodies.
129. Speedometer: is an instrument which indicates speed at which a vehicle is moving.
130. Spherometer: is an instrument for measuring curvature of surfaces.
131. Sphygmomanometer: an instrument used for measuring arterial blood-pressure.
132. Sphygmophone: an instrument, with the help of which a pulse beat makes a sound.
133. Sphygmoscope: an instrument, by virtue of which, arterial pulsations become visible.
134. Stereoscope: It is a special type of binocular, through which a double photograph snapped from two different angles by a two-lensed camera is viewed in solid relief.
135. Stethoscope: is an instrument to hear and analyse movements of heart and lungs.
136. Stop watch: for recording small intervals of time in the laboratory, in races and other events.
137. Stroboscope: is an instrument for viewing objects moving rapidly with a periodic motion and to see them as if they were at rest.
138. Tachometer: is an instrument for determining speeds of aeroplanes and motor boats.
139. Teleprinter: an instrument which prints automatically messages sent from one place to another, on telegraph lines.
140. Telescope: is an apparatus used for observing distant objects.
141. Theodolite: is an instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles.
143. Thermocouple: an instrument based on thermo-electricity used for measuring temperatures.
144. Thermometer: is an apparatus used for measuring temperature.
145. Thermostat: It is an instrument used to regulate the temperature to a particular degree.
146. Viscometer: is an instrument to measure viscidity.